75. Mello, Z. R., Starr, C. R., Kakar, V., Suri, A., Abundis-Morales, M., & Dogru, B. (2026). Settings Matter: Examining the Association Between Social Class Discrimination in and Out-of-School, Tobacco Use, and Nicotine Vaping Among Adolescents. Youth & Society, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1177/0044118X251406595 PDF

 

74. Sciabica, G. M., Morelli, M., Chirumbolo, A., Franchini, C., Mello, Z. R., Worrell, F. C., Baiocco, R., Speranza, A. M., Fortunato, A., & Andreassi, S. (2025). Tomorrow starts today: Long-term effects of a brief counseling intervention on college students’ time attitudes. Personality and Individual Differences, 248, Article 113482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2025.113482 PDF

 

73. Mello, Z. R., Kakar, V., Hennigan, S. M., Dogru, B., Suri, A., & Abundis-Morales, M. (2025). Class Dismissed: Examining Social Class Discrimination and Academic Achievement Among Adolescents. Journal of Adolescence. doi: http://doi.org/10.1002/jad.12523 PDF 

 

72. Mello, Z. R., Eytcheson, K., & Kakar, V. (2025). Sexism and Risky Health Behaviors: Examining the Association between Sources of Gender Discrimination and Tobacco Use Among Adolescent Girls. Youth and Society. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0044118X251336386 PDF 

 

71. Mello, Z. R., Kakar, V., Jaramillo, J., (2025). Examining How Social Class Discrimination is Associated with Combustible Tobacco Use, Nicotine Vaping, and Dual Use Among Adolescents in California. Social Science and Medicine. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117941 PDF 

 

70. Sciabica, G. M., Chirumbolo, A., Morelli, M., Mello, Z. R., Worrell, F. C., Baiocco, R., Franchini, C., Speranza, A. M., Fortunato, A., and Andreassi, S. (2025). The effect of a psychodynamic counseling intervention on university students’ time attitude. Current Psychology. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-025-07604-6 PDF 

 

69. Lonigro, A., Mello, Z. R., Worrell, F. C., Zammuto, M., Bianchi, D., Pompili, S., Tata, D., Longobardi, & E., Laghi, F. (2025). Gender Similarities and Differences in Time Perspective in the Age of COVID-19. The Journal of Genetic Psychology. Doi: 10.1080/00221325.2025.2465791 PDF

 

68. Mello, Z. R. (2024). Don’t Skip Class: A new conceptual model for examining classism among adolescents and families. Journal of Family Theory and Review, 1-17.doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jftr.12589 PDF

 

67. Li, X., Lyu, H., & Mello, Z. R. (2024). Another way to measure balanced time perspective: Development of the Time Perspective Inventory. PsyCh Journal, June, 341-511. http://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.725. PDF 

 

66. ^*Centeno, B., *Bayazitli, I., Purnell, S., Bravo, D. Y., & Mello, Z. R. (2023). Colorism Unveiled: Examining How Skin Color Discrimination is Associated With Academic Achievement, Mental Health, and Substance Use Among Latinx Adolescents. Research in Human Development, 20(3-4), 123-140. doi: 10.1080/15427609.2023.2271363.  PDF 

 

65. Mello, Z. R. & Gordon, R. A. (2023). The Future of Colorism Science: Interdisciplinarity, Families, and Intervention. Research in Human Development, 20(3-4), 81-86. doi: 10.1080/15427609.2023.2261373 PDF 

 

64. Moon, J., ^*Centeno, B., De León, J., & Mello, Z. R. (2023). Brief Report: Revealing the Nuance: Examining Approaches for Research with Adolescents who Identify With Multiple Racial/Ethnic Groups. Journal of Adolescence, 95(8), 1764-1773. doi: 10.1002/jad.12242 PDF 

 

63. Sommerfield, E., Mello, Z. R., & Worrell, F. C. (2023). The Hebrew Version of the Adolescent and Adult Time Inventory - Time Attitudes Scales (AATI-TA): A Validation Study. Psychological Reports, 13, 1-8. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-39431-9 PDF  

 

62. Mello, Z. (2023). Bringing Money Into The Fold: A New Conceptual Model for Examining Classism Among Adolescents. European Association for Research on Adolescence Newsletter, May. PDF 

 

61. Moon, J., +Lieber, R., & *Bayazitli, I., Mello, Z. R. (2023). An examination of multidimensional time perspective and mental health outcomes. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(6), 1-14. doi:10.3390/ijerph20064688 PDF 

 

60. Mello, Z. (2022). Where is the money? A new conceptual model for examining perceived discrimination based on social class among adolescents. PsychArchives, 1-24. doi :10.23668/psycharchives.8189 PDF 

 

59. Mello, Z. R., Buhl, M., Andretta, J. R., & Worrell, F. C. (2022). Risky behaviors and time attitude profiles among adolescents in the United States and Germany. Discourse: Journal of Childhood and Adolescence Research [Diskurs Kindheits- und Jugendforschung], 17(3), 310-324 PDF 

 

58. Mello, Z. R., & Moon, J. (2022). Time buffers teasing and lessens tobacco use: The moderating role of time perspective on bullying victimization and tobacco use in adolescents. Behavioural Processes, 200, 1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2022.104693 PDF

 

57. Coelho, S., de Mendonça, A., Maroco, J., Cardoso, S, Mello, Z. R., & Guerreiro, M. (2022). Time perspective and amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Journal of Neuropsychology, 16(3), 463-480. doi: 10.1111/jnp.12274 PDF 

 

56. Li, Z., Chen, W., Lyu, H., Worrell, F. C., & Mello, Z. R. (2022). Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Scale. Current Psychology, 1-13. doi: 10.1007/s12144-021-02622-6 PDF 

 

55. McKay, M., Worrell, F. C., Perry, P., Chishima, J., Živkovič, U., Mello, Z. R., &, Cole, J. (2022). “Even a broken clock is right twice a day”: The case of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory. Personality and Individual Differences, 184(1), 1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.111157 PDF 

 

54. *Mello, Z. R., Barber, S. J., Vasilenko, S. A., +Chandler, J., & Howell, R. (2021). Thinking about the past, present, and future: Time perspective and self-esteem in adolescents, young adults, middle-aged adults, and older adults. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 40(1), 92-111. doi: 10.1111/bjdp.12393 PDF 

 

53. Finan, L. J., Linden-Carmichael, A. N., Adams, A. R., *Youngquist, A., Lipperman-Kreda, S., & Mello, Z. R. (2021). Time perspective and substance use: An examination across three adolescent samples. Addiction Research & Theory, 30(2), 112-118. doi: 10.1080/16066359.2021.1948537 PDF 

 

52. *Moon, J., & Mello, Z. R. (2021). Time among the taunted: The moderating effect of time perspective on bullying victimization and self-esteem. Journal of Adolescence, 89, 170-182. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.05.002 PDF 

 

51. Assylkhan, K., *Moon, J., Tate, C., Howell, R., & Mello, Z. R. (2021). Time beyond traits: Time perspective dimensions, personality traits, and substance use in adolescents. Personality and Individual Differences 179, 1-7. Advance online version. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.110926 PDF  

 

50. +Chandler, J., & Mello, Z. R. (2021). Negative life events and time perspective among adolescents. Psi Chi Journal, 26 (1), 35-42. doi: 10.24839/2325-7342.JN26.1.35 PDF 

 

49. Zhang, J. W., Howell, R. T., Pooya, R., Shaban-Azad, H., Chai, W. J., Ramis, T., Mello, Z. R., Anderson, C., & Keltner, D. (2021). Awe is associated with creative personality, convergent creativity, and everyday creativity. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts. doi: 10.1037/aca0000442 PDF

 

48. Przepiorka, A., Blachnio, A., Jankowsk, T., Mello, Z. R., & Worrell, F. C. (2021). The assessment of time attitudes among adolescents and young adults with the Polish Adolescent and Adult Time Inventory – Time Attitude Scale (AATI-TA-Polish). European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 38(5), 370-384. doi: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000671 PDF 

 

47. Vásquez-Echeverría, A., Alvarez-Nuñez, L., Mello, Z. R., & Worrell, F. C. (2020). Time attitude profiles and health-related behaviors: Validation of scores on a Spanish version of the Adolescent and Adult Time Inventory–Time Attitudes (AATI-TA). The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 23, E51. doi: 10.1017/SJP.2020.51 PDF

 

46. Yacob, E. T., Melaku, B. M., Worrell, F. C., & Mello, Z. R. (2020). Measuring time perspective in Ethiopian young adults using the Adolescent and Adult Time Inventory (AATI). Journal of Psychology in Africa, 30 (6), 520–528. doi: 10.1080/14330237.2020.1842598 PDF 

 

45. Finan, L. J., *Moon, J., *Kaur, M., Gard, D., & Mello, Z. R. (2020). Trepidation and time: An examination of anxiety and thoughts and feelings about the past, present, and future among adolescents. Applied Developmental Science, 26(2), 238-251. doi:10.1080/10888691.2020.1778476 PDF 

 

44. Perry, J. L., Temple, E. C., Worrell, F. C., Živkovič, U., Mello, Z. R., Musil, B., Cole J. C., & McKay, M. T. (2020). Different version, similar result? A critical analysis of the multiplicity of shortened versions of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory. Sage Open, 10(2), 1-15. doi: 10.1177/2158244020923351 PDF 

 

43. Worrell, F. C., Mello, Z. R., Laghi, F., Baiocco, R., & Lonigro, A. (2020). Time perspective constructs in Albanian and Italian adolescents: Exploratory analyses. Psychological Reports, 124(2), 693-719. doi: 10.1177/0033294120913493 PDF 

 

42. Konowalczyk, S., Buhl, M., *Moon, J., & Mello, Z. R. (2019). The past, present, and future all matter: How time perspective is associated with optimism and sensation seeking among young adults. Research in Human Development, 16, 119-134. doi: 10.1080/15427609.2019.1662709 PDF 

 

41. Mello, Z. R. (2019). A construct matures: Time perspective’s multidimensional, developmental, and modifiable qualities. Research in Human Development, 16, 93-102. doi: 10.1080/15427609.2019.1651156 PDF 

 

40. Konowalczyk, S., Rade, F. C. A., & Mello, Z. R. (2019). Time perspective, sports club membership, and physical self-concept among adolescents: A person-centered approach. Journal of Adolescence, 72, 141-151. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.02.008 PDF 

 

39. Chishima, Y., Murakami, T., Worrell, F. C., & Mello, Z. R. (2019). The Japanese version of the Adolescent Time Inventory-Time Attitudes (ATI-TA) scale: Internal consistency, structural validity, and convergent validity. Assessment, 26, 181-192. doi: 10.1177/1073191116683800 PDF 

 

38. Mello, Z. R., Oladipo, S. E., +Paoloni, V. C., & Worrell, F. C. (2019). Time perspective and risky behaviors among Nigerian young adults. Journal of Adult Development, 26. 161-171. doi: 10.1007/s10804-018-9304-2 PDF 

 

37. Temple, E., Perry, J. L., Worrell, F. C., Živkovič, U., Mello, Z. R., Musil, B., Cole, J. C., & McKay, M. T. (2019). The Zimbardo time perspective inventory: Time for a new strategy, not more new shortened versions. Time and Society, 28. 1167-1180. doi: 10.1177/0961463X17718102 PDF 

 

36. McKay, M., Worrell, F. C., Živkovič, U., Temple, L., Mello, Z. R., Musil, B., Cole, J., Andretta, J., & Perry, J. (2018). A balanced time perspective: Is it an exercise in empiricism, and does it relate meaningfully to health and well-being outcomes? International Journal of Psychology, 54(6), 775-785. doi: 10.1002/ijop.12530 PDF 

 

35. Dixon, D. D., Worrell, F. C., Keltner, D., & Mello, Z. R. (2018). The magic of hope: Hope mediates the relationship between socioeconomic status and academic achievement. Journal of Educational Research, 111, 507-515. doi: 10.1080/00220671.2017.130291 PDF 

 

34. Konowalczyk, S., Mello, Z. R., Röske, L. A. S., Buhl, M., Heim, R., & Worrell, F. C. (2018). Adolescent and Adult Time Inventory-Time Attitude scales: Validity and contributions to physical activity and self-concept in Spanish adolescents. International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, Consultation, 7, 76-90. doi: 10.1037/ipp0000084 PDF 

 

33. Worrell, F. C., Temple, E. C., McKay, M. T., Živkovič, U., Perry, J. L., Mello, Z. R., Musil, B., & Cole J. C. (2018). A theoretical approach to resolving the psychometric problems associated with the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 34(1), 41-51. doi: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000313 PDF 

 

32. Mello, Z. R., +Walker, E. B., *Finan, L. J., +Stiasny, A., +Wiggers, I. C. S., *^McBroom, K. A., & Worrell, F. C. (2017). Time perspective, psychological outcomes, and risky behavior among runaway adolescents. Applied Developmental Science, 22, 233-243. doi: 10.1080/10888691.2016.1276455 PDF 

 

31. Dixon, D. D., Worrell, F. C., & Mello, Z. R. (2017). Profiles of hope: How clusters of hope relate to school variables. Learning and Individual Differences, 59, 55-64. doi: 10.1080/00220671.2017.1302915 PDF 

 

30. Juriševič, M., Worrell, F. C., & Mello, Z. R. (2017). Measuring time attitudes in Slovenia: Psychometric properties of the Adolescent and Adult Time Attitude Scale (AATI-TA). Horizons of Psychology/Psihološka obzorja, 26, 89-97. doi:10.20419/2017.26.472 PDF 

 

29. Şahin-Baltacı, H., Tagay, Ö., Worrell, F. C., & Mello, Z. R. (2017). Psychometric properties of Turkish Adolescent Time Inventory-Time Attitude (ATI-TA) scores. International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, Consultation, 6, 47-59. doi: 10.1037/ipp0000066 PDF 

 

28. Prow, R. M., Worrell, F. C., Andretta, J. R., & Mello, Z. R. (2016). Demographic differences in adolescent time attitude profiles: A person-oriented analysis using model-based clustering. Berkeley Review of Education, 6, 79-95. doi: 10.5070/B86110030 PDF 

 

27. Mello, Z. R., Zhang, J. W., Barber, S. J., +Paoloni, V. C., Howell, R. T., & Worrell, F. C. (2016). Psychometric properties of time attitude scores in young, middle, and older adult samples. Personality and Individual Differences, 101, 57-61. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.037 PDF  

 

26. *Kaur, M., & Mello, Z. R. (2016). Positive and negative well-being among adolescents from theological and conventional schools in India. Mental Health, Religion, and Culture, 19(3), 229-239. doi: 10.1080/13674676.2016.1165191 PDF  

 

25. Worrell, F. C., Temple, E., McKay, M. T., Živkovič, U., Perry, J. L., Mello, Z. R., Musil, Z. R., &, Cole, J. C. (2016). A theoretical approach to the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory: Results from America, Australia, Slovenia, and the United Kingdom. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 34, 41-51. doi: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000313 PDF  

 

24. +^Jaramillo, J., Mello, Z. R., & Worrell, F. C. (2015). Ethnic identity, stereotype threat, and perceived discrimination among Native American adolescents. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 26(4), 769–775. doi: 10.1111/jora.12228 PDF  

 

23. McKay, M. T., Cole, J. C., Percy, A., Worrell, F. C., &, Mello, Z. R. (2015). Reliability and factorial validity of the Adolescent Time Inventory-Time Attitude Scores (ATI-TA) in Scottish and Northern Irish adolescents. Personality and Individual Differences, 86, 412-416. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2015.06.040 PDF 

 

22. McKay, M. T., Dempster, M., & Mello, Z. R. (2015). Does Consideration of Future Consequences moderate the relationship between aggression and alcohol use in adolescents? Results from the United Kingdom. Addiction Research and Theory, 23, 372-379. doi: 10.3109/16066359.2015.1009830 PDF 

 

21. Mello, Z. R., & Worrell, F. C. (2015). The past, the present, and the future: A conceptual model of time perspective in adolescence. In Stolarski M., van Beek W., & Fieulaine, N. (Eds.), Time Perspective Theory: Review, Research and Application. Essays in honor of Philip Zimbardo. Springer International Publishing, 115-129. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-07368-2 PDF

 

20. Perry, J. L., McKay, M. T., Worrell, F. C., Živkovič, U., Mello, Z. R., & Musil, B. (2015). Measuring time perspective in adolescents: Can you get the right answer by asking the wrong questions? Personality and Individual Differences, 78, 53-57. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2015.01.015 PDF  

 

19. McKay, M. T., Worrell, F. C., Temple, E. C., Perry, J., Cole, J. C., &, Mello, Z. R. (2015). Less is not always more: The case of the 36-item short form of The Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory. Personality and Individual Differences, 72, 68-71. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2014.08.018 PDF 

 

18. Andretta, J. R., Worrell, F. C., & Mello, Z. R. (2014). Predicting educational outcomes and psychological well-being in adolescents using time attitude profiles. Psychology in the Schools, 51, 434-451. doi: 10.1002/pits.21762 PDF  

 

17. Mello, Z. R., *Finan, L. J., & Worrell, F. C. (2013). Introducing an instrument to assess time orientation and time relation in adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 36, 551-563. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2013.03.005 PDF  

 

16. Worrell, F. C., Mello, Z. R., & Buhl, M. (2013). Introducing English and German versions of the Adolescent Time Attitude Scale (ATAS). Assessment, 20, 496-510. doi: 10.1177/1073191110396202 PDF 

 

15. Andretta, J. R., Worrell, F. C., Mello, Z. R., +^Dixson, D. D., & +^Baik, S. H. (2013). Demographic group differences in adolescents’ time attitudes. Journal of Adolescence, 36, 289–301. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2012.11.005 PDF 

 

14. Mello, Z. R., *Anton-Stang, H. M., *Monaghan, P. L., *Roberts, K. J., & Worrell, F. C. (2012). A longitudinal investigation of African American and Hispanic adolescents' educational and occupational expectations and corresponding attainment in adulthood. Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk, 17(4), 266-285. doi: 10.1080/10824669.2012.717029 PDF

 

13. Mello, Z. R., Mallett, R. K., Andretta, J. R., & Worrell, F. C. (2012). Stereotype threat and school belonging in adolescents from diverse racial/ethnic backgrounds. Journal of At-Risk Issues, 17, 9-14. PDF 

 

12. +Hand, L. H., *Anton-Stang, H. M., & Mello, Z. R. (2012). An investigation of gender, perceived gender-barriers to a future occupation, and academic achievement among delinquent adolescents. Modern Psychological Science, 17, 19-26. PDF

 

11. Mallett, R. K., Mello, Z. R., Wagner, D. E., Worrell, F. C., Burrow, R. N., & Andretta, J. R. (2011). Do I belong? It depends on when you ask. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 17, 432-436. doi: 10.1037/a0025455 PDF 

 

10. Meyer, E. L., Schaefer, B. A., Soto, C. M., Simmons, C. S., Anguiano, R., Brett, J., Holman, A., Martin, J. F., Hata, H. K., Roberts, K. J., Mello, Z. R., & Worrell, F. C. (2011). Factor structure of Child Behavior Scale scores in Peruvian preschoolers. Psychology in the Schools, 48, 931-942. doi: 10.1002/pits.20596 PDF  

 

9. Mello, Z. R., +Bhadare, D., Fearn, E. J., Galaviz, M. M., Hartmann, E. S., & Worrell, F. C. (2009). The window, the river, and the novel: Examining adolescents’ conceptions of the past, the present, and the future. Adolescence, 44, 539-556. PDF 

 

8. Mello, Z. R., Worrell, F. C., & Andretta, J. R. (2009). Variation in how frequently adolescents think about the past, the present, and the future in relation to academic achievement. Research on Child and Adolescent Development [Diskurs Kindheits- und Jugendforschung], 4, 173-183. PDF  

 

7. Worrell, F. C., & Mello, Z. R. (2009). Convergent and discriminant validity of time attitude scores on the Adolescent Time Perspective Inventory. Research on Child and Adolescent Development [Diskur Kindheits- und Jugendforschung], 4, 185-196. PDF  

 

6. Mello, Z. R. (2009). Racial/ethnic group and socioeconomic status variation in educational and occupational expectations from adolescence to adulthood. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 30, 494-504. doi: 10.1016/j.appdev.2008.12.029 PDF 

 

5. Mello, Z. R., & Worrell, F. C. (2008). Gender variation in extracurricular activity participation and perceived life chances in Trinidad and Tobago adolescents. Psyche [Psykhe], 2, 91-102. doi: 10.4067/S0718-22282008000200008 PDF  

 

4. Mello, Z. R. (2008). Gender variation in developmental trajectories of educational and occupational expectations and attainment from adolescence to adulthood. Developmental Psychology, 44, 1069-1080. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.44.4.1069 PDF  

 

3. Mello, Z. R., & Swanson, D. P. (2007). Gender differences in African American adolescents' personal, educational, and occupational expectations and perceptions of neighborhood quality. Journal of Black Psychology, 33, 150-168. doi: 10.1177/0095798407299514 PDF  

 

2. Worrell, F. C., & Mello, Z. R. (2007). Reliability and validity of Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory scores in academically talented adolescents. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 67, 487-504. doi: 10.1177/0013164406296985 PDF  

 

1. Mello, Z. R., & Worrell, F. C. (2006). The relationship of time perspective, age, gender, and academic achievement in academically talented adolescents. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 29, 271-289. doi: 10.1177/016235320602900302  PDF 

 

+Indicates Undergraduate Student Mentee; *Indicates Graduate Student Mentee; ^Indicates Underrepresented Minority